{"id":10509,"date":"2022-07-01T13:55:04","date_gmt":"2022-07-01T11:55:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.sk\/blog\/?p=10509"},"modified":"2022-07-19T14:48:46","modified_gmt":"2022-07-19T12:48:46","slug":"ako-nastavit-fotoaparat-krok-za-krokom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fotolab.sk\/blog\/ako-nastavit-fotoaparat-krok-za-krokom\/","title":{"rendered":"Ako nastavi\u0165 fotoapar\u00e1t krok za krokom"},"content":{"rendered":"<h6>Nastavenia fotoapar\u00e1tu pred jeho exponovan\u00edm patr\u00ed k z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm rutin\u00e1m v\u0161etk\u00fdch fotografov. Samozrejme m\u00f4\u017eete jednoducho prepn\u00fa\u0165 fo\u0165\u00e1k do plne automatick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu. V mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch sa v\u0161ak ochudobn\u00edte o \u0161irok\u00fa paletu mo\u017enost\u00ed, ako aj vyu\u017ei\u0165 potenci\u00e1l fototechniky na maximum. Navy\u0161e v\u00fdsledky \u010dasto nebud\u00fa zodpoveda\u0165 va\u0161im predstav\u00e1m. Prin\u00e1\u0161ame teda komplexn\u00fd preh\u013ead z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed pre efekt\u00edvne nastavenia fo\u0165\u00e1ku.<\/h6>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10534\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.fotolab.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/GettyImages-452800845.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Je ist\u00e9, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 nastavenia a funkcie fotoapar\u00e1tu pou\u017eijete len nieko\u013ekokr\u00e1t do roka (pr\u00edpadne v\u00f4bec), in\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvate prakticky st\u00e1le. N\u00e1\u0161 blog je zameran\u00fd na opis z\u00e1kladn\u00e9ho nastavenia. Odpor\u00fa\u010dame, aby sa ka\u017ed\u00fd po k\u00fape fotoapar\u00e1tu d\u00f4kladne obozn\u00e1mil s jeho mo\u017enos\u0165ami. Niekto na to p\u00f4jde intuit\u00edvne, met\u00f3dou pokus-omyl. Ide\u00e1lne je v\u0161ak prejs\u0165 si manu\u00e1l na pou\u017eitie, pr\u00edpadne vyu\u017ei\u0165 fotokurz (niektor\u00e9 poskytuj\u00fa dod\u00e1vatelia zadarmo k n\u00e1kupu fototechniky). Mo\u017eno sa budete divi\u0165, \u010do v\u0161etko v\u00e1\u0161 fotoapar\u00e1t dok\u00e1\u017ee.<\/p>\n<h5>Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 nastavenia fotoapar\u00e1tu<\/h5>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd model fotoapar\u00e1tu pon\u00faka \u0161pecifick\u00e9 mo\u017enosti pre svoje nastavenia. Rozlo\u017eenie tla\u010didiel a prep\u00edna\u010dov b\u00fdva spravidla in\u00e9 u ka\u017ed\u00e9ho z nich (na\u0161\u0165astie v r\u00e1mci definovan\u00fdch produktov\u00fdch radov zmeny pri uveden\u00ed nov\u00e9ho modelu neb\u00fdvaj\u00fa v\u00fdrazn\u00e9). Vhodn\u00e9 je teda ma\u0165 po ruke n\u00e1vod na pou\u017eitie fotoapar\u00e1tu do tej doby, ne\u017e sa zozn\u00e1mite so v\u0161etk\u00fdm potrebn\u00fdm, \u010do vyu\u017eijete po\u010das samotn\u00e9ho fotenia.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10528\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.fotolab.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Ako-nastavit-Nikon-D780-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>1. Nastavenie kvality obrazu RAW vs. JPG<\/h5>\n<p>V prvom rade je nutn\u00e9 si pri digit\u00e1lnych fotoapar\u00e1tov uvedomi\u0165, ak\u00fd typ obrazov\u00e9ho form\u00e1tu zvol\u00edte. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na ukladanie d\u00e1t form\u00e1ty RAW a JPG. Obidva maj\u00fa svojich z\u00e1stancov i odporcov. N\u00e1jdu sa situ\u00e1cie, kedy je vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017eitie RAW aj JPG z\u00e1rove\u0148. Pre RAW aj JPG mo\u017eno nastavi\u0165 r\u00f4znu mieru kvality. Ovplyvni\u0165 m\u00f4\u017eete aj ve\u013ekos\u0165 v\u00fdsledn\u00e9ho rozl\u00ed\u0161enia. Bu\u010f bude maxim\u00e1lna, alebo redukovan\u00e1 napr. v dvoch krokoch (pr\u00edklad: Nikon D850 m\u00e1 max. rozl\u00ed\u0161enie \u010dipu 45,4 MPx; redukovan\u00e9 nastavenie na 25,5 Mpx, a aj variant na 11,3 Mpx).<\/p>\n<p>Form\u00e1t RAW zachov\u00e1va v\u0161etky inform\u00e1cie z fotografovanej sc\u00e9ny. Oplat\u00ed sa do\u0148ho foti\u0165 v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee budete fotografie n\u00e1sledne upravova\u0165 v programoch na \u00fapravu fotiek. Naopak JPG je vhodn\u00fd v pr\u00edpade, \u017ee fotografie \u010falej upravova\u0165 nebudete, pr\u00edpadne len minim\u00e1lne.<\/p>\n<h5>2. ISO &#8211; vo\u013eba citlivosti sn\u00edma\u010da<\/h5>\n<p>Hodnota citlivosti sn\u00edmacieho m\u00e9dia (\u010dip, film) patr\u00ed k z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm prvkom rozhoduj\u00facim o v\u00fdslednej fotografii (doba osvietenia &#8211; expoz\u00edcie). Obvykle fotoapar\u00e1ty pon\u00fakaj\u00fa dve vo\u013eby:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>manu\u00e1lne nastavenie ISO<\/li>\n<li>automatick\u00e9 nastavenie ISO<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Plat\u00ed, \u017ee \u010d\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161ia citlivos\u0165 ISO, t\u00fdm viac bude fotografia &#8220;zazrnen\u00e1&#8221;. V dne\u0161nej dobe v\u0161ak modern\u00e9 pr\u00edstroje zvl\u00e1daj\u00fa st\u00e1le v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie hodnoty. Napr\u00edklad hodnoty okolo 12 800 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa foti\u0165 aj pri ve\u013emi zl\u00fdch sveteln\u00fdch podmienkach a minim\u00e1lnom za\u0161umen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10527\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.fotolab.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Ako-nastavit-fuji-4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1350\" height=\"900\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>3. Nastavenie vyv\u00e1\u017eenia bielej farby (White balance)<\/h5>\n<p>V digit\u00e1lnej fotografii nevyhnutn\u00fd \u00fakon. Ka\u017ed\u00fd druh svetla m\u00e1 rozdielnu tzv. teplotu chromatickosti (je ud\u00e1van\u00e1 v Kelvinoch). In\u00fdmi slovami, m\u00e1 in\u00fd farebn\u00fd n\u00e1dych. Nastavenie prebieha v \u0161tyroch hlavn\u00fdch re\u017eimoch:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>automaticky<\/li>\n<li>prednastaven\u00e9 hodnoty s vlastn\u00fdmi piktogramami<\/li>\n<li>ru\u010dn\u00e1 kalibr\u00e1cia (na &#8220;\u0161ed\u00fa&#8221; kalibra\u010dn\u00e9 tabu\u013eku, \u010di aspo\u0148 h\u00e1rok bieleho papiera)<\/li>\n<li>manu\u00e1lne nastavenie hodn\u00f4t Kelvina*<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>* Ni\u017e\u0161ie s\u00fa uveden\u00e9 orienta\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edklady sveteln\u00fdch zdrojov a hodn\u00f4t Kelvina:<\/p>\n<p>svie\u010dka 1500 K &#8211; \u017eiarovka 2800 K &#8211; \u017eiarivka 4000 K (dajte pozor, \u017eiarivky sa m\u00f4\u017eu l\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 v hodnot\u00e1ch K, napr. pri delen\u00ed na &#8220;tepl\u00fa \/ studen\u00fa&#8221; bielu) &#8211; denn\u00e9 svetlo (slne\u010dno) 5200 K &#8211; blesk 5400 K &#8211; denn\u00e9 svetlo (zamra\u010den\u00e9) 6000 K &#8211; denn\u00e9 svetlo (tie\u0148) 8000 K<\/p>\n<p>Ak budete fotografova\u0165 do form\u00e1tu RAW, tak pr\u00edpadn\u00e9 zl\u00e9 nastavenie v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou \u013eahko odstr\u00e1nite v postprocese. S form\u00e1tom JPG bud\u00fa odch\u00fdlky hor\u0161ie korigovate\u013en\u00e9, v krajnom pr\u00edpade to bude nemo\u017en\u00e9 bez degrad\u00e1cie kvality obrazu.<\/p>\n<h5>4. Vo\u013eba expozi\u010dn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu, korekcia a met\u00f3dy merania expoz\u00edcie<\/h5>\n<p>Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9, aby sme fotoapar\u00e1tu \u010do najsk\u00f4r povedali, ak\u00fa sc\u00e9nu ideme fotografova\u0165, preto\u017ee fotoapar\u00e1t nevie, \u010di fot\u00ed portr\u00e9t alebo r\u00fdchlo sa pohybuj\u00faci objekt. Na to n\u00e1m sl\u00fa\u017ei vo\u013eba expozi\u010dn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu &#8211; ktor\u00fd mnoho \u013eud\u00ed naz\u00fdva &#8220;kole\u010dko&#8221; \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10526\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.fotolab.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Ako-nastavit-Canon_EOS-RP-volic-rezimu.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"582\" height=\"437\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>Expozi\u010dn\u00e9 re\u017eimy<\/h5>\n<h6>P &#8211; Programov\u00e1 automatika<\/h6>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li>ISO a korekciu expoz\u00edcie je mo\u017en\u00e9 voli\u0165 manu\u00e1lne.<\/li>\n<li>Clona a \u010das sa nastavuj\u00fa fotoapar\u00e1tom automaticky.<\/li>\n<li>Vybran\u00e9 fotoapar\u00e1ty umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa v re\u017eime P tie\u017e zmenu clonov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Je to v podstate automatika, v ktorej si ur\u010dujete pomocou ISO, \u010di je na sc\u00e9ne ve\u013ea alebo m\u00e1lo svetla.<\/p>\n<h6>A &#8211; Re\u017eim priority clony<\/h6>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li>Touto vo\u013ebou z\u00edskavate kontrolu nad nastaven\u00edm clonov\u00e9ho \u010d\u00edsla.<\/li>\n<li>\u010cas sa automaticky dopo\u010d\u00edta na z\u00e1klade nastavenej citlivosti ISO.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa vyu\u017e\u00edva pri foten\u00ed portr\u00e9tov tak, \u017ee si nastav\u00edte \u010do najni\u017e\u0161ie clonov\u00e9 \u010d\u00edslo, ak\u00e9 v\u00e1m dovol\u00ed objekt\u00edv (napr. 1.2-1.8).<\/p>\n<h6>S &#8211; Re\u017eim priority \u010dasu<\/h6>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li>Tu naopak z\u00edskavate kontrolu nad nastaven\u00edm \u010dasu expoz\u00edcie sn\u00edma\u010da.<\/li>\n<li>Clona sa automaticky dopo\u010d\u00edta na z\u00e1klade nastavenej citlivosti ISO.<\/li>\n<li>Niekedy m\u00e1 ozna\u010denie T (napr. Canon)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tento re\u017eim vyu\u017eijete pri foten\u00ed r\u00fdchlo sa pohybuj\u00facich objektov, kedy chcete zmrazi\u0165 pohyb na fotografii napr. deti alebo \u0161port. Ide\u00e1lny \u010das je okolo 1\/500 &#8211; 1\/1000 sekundy.<\/p>\n<h6>M &#8211; Manu\u00e1lny expozi\u010dn\u00fd re\u017eim<\/h6>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li>M\u00e1te pln\u00fa kontrolu nad nastaven\u00edm clony, \u010dasu aj hodnoty ISO.<\/li>\n<li>Pokro\u010dil\u00ed fotografi pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa re\u017eim M v kombin\u00e1cii s AUTO ISO.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tento re\u017eim vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa profesion\u00e1li, ktor\u00ed tak dosiahnu pln\u00fa kontrolu nad nastaveniami.<\/p>\n<h6>Sc\u00e9nick\u00e9 re\u017eimy<\/h6>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: disc;\">\n<li>Sl\u00fa\u017eia najm\u00e4 menej sk\u00fasen\u00fdm u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom<\/li>\n<li>Nastaven\u00edm vybran\u00e9ho sc\u00e9nick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu sa fotoapar\u00e1t sna\u017e\u00ed prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165 fotografovanej sc\u00e9ne a parametrom, s ktor\u00fdmi je mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u010das fotenia manipulova\u0165 (clona, \u200b\u200b\u010das, ISO, s\u00fdtos\u0165 farieb, kontrast, ostros\u0165, vyv\u00e1\u017eenie farieb at\u010f.).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10533\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.fotolab.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/ThinkstockPhotos-615717470.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" \/><\/h5>\n<h5>Korekcia expoz\u00edcie<\/h5>\n<p>Ak nie ste spokojn\u00ed s tonalitou fotografie &#8211; sn\u00edmka je pr\u00edli\u0161 tmav\u00e1, alebo svetl\u00e1, nie je ni\u010d jednoduch\u0161ie ne\u017e pou\u017ei\u0165 expozi\u010dn\u00fa korekciu. V ide\u00e1lnom pr\u00edpade je vhodn\u00e9 korekciu nastavi\u0165 u\u017e vopred, na z\u00e1klade odhadu, pr\u00edpadne na z\u00e1klade \u017eiv\u00e9ho n\u00e1h\u013eadu cez LCD displej, alebo elektronick\u00fd h\u013ead\u00e1\u010dik. Korekcia expoz\u00edcie sa nastavuje v hodnot\u00e1ch EV (Exposition Value). Ak chcete sn\u00edmku stmavi\u0165 je z\u00e1porn\u00e1, kladn\u00e1 sa pou\u017eije pre zosvetlenie (v mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch nebudete nastavova\u0165 korekciu v\u00e4\u010d\u0161iu ako +\/- 1,5 EV).<\/p>\n<h5>Met\u00f3dy merania expoz\u00edcie<\/h5>\n<p>V z\u00e1klade sa met\u00f3dy merania delia do nasleduj\u00facich hlavn\u00fdch skup\u00edn:<\/p>\n<h6>Bodov\u00e9 meranie<\/h6>\n<p>Je ur\u010den\u00e9 najm\u00e4 pre pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edch u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eov. Expoz\u00edcia sa vyhodnocuje len z malej \u010dasti sn\u00edmanej sc\u00e9ny.<\/p>\n<h6>Meranie s prioritou stredu<\/h6>\n<p>Meranie expoz\u00edcie prebieha hlavne v strede sn\u00edmky. Je v\u0161ak priemerovan\u00e9 hodnotami z celej sn\u00edmky.<\/p>\n<h6>Pomerov\u00e9 meranie<\/h6>\n<p>Pri v\u00fdpo\u010dte hodnoty expoz\u00edcie fotoapar\u00e1t zoh\u013ead\u0148uje \u00fadaje z celej plochy sn\u00edmky (vhodn\u00e9 aj pre fotenie v protisvetle).<\/p>\n<p>Vyu\u017ei\u0165 m\u00f4\u017eete tie\u017e Z\u00e1mok expoz\u00edcie a U\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9 nastavenia:<\/p>\n<h6>Z\u00e1mok expoz\u00edcie &#8220;AE-L&#8221;<\/h6>\n<p>Vyskytuje sa naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pod ozna\u010den\u00edm AE-L. Po stla\u010den\u00ed sa meranie expoz\u00edcie zamkne a v pr\u00edpade zmeny uhla sn\u00edmania ned\u00f4jde k jej zmene.<\/p>\n<h6>U\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9 nastavenia<\/h6>\n<p>Na voli\u010di re\u017eimov n\u00e1jdete u pokro\u010dilej\u0161\u00edch fotoapar\u00e1tov skratky ozna\u010duj\u00face u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esk\u00e9 nastavenie, ktor\u00e9 pom\u00e1ha pri r\u00fdchlom prep\u00ednan\u00ed nastavenia fotoapar\u00e1tu pre \u00faplne odli\u0161n\u00e9 sveteln\u00e9 podmienky, potreby fotografa z poh\u013eadu r\u00fdchlosti uz\u00e1vierky a \u010fal\u0161ieho nastavenia (napr. Nikon m\u00e1 skratky U1, U2, U3; Canon a Olympus C1 , C2, C3).<\/p>\n<h5><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10538\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.fotolab.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Ako-nastavit-DSC_3254mg.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" \/><\/h5>\n<h5>5. Re\u017eimy sn\u00edmania<\/h5>\n<p>Fotoapar\u00e1t m\u00f4\u017eete nastavi\u0165 do nieko\u013ek\u00fdch &#8220;pol\u00f4h&#8221; z poh\u013eadu fungovania uz\u00e1vierky. Ni\u017e\u0161ie uveden\u00fd preh\u013ead je z\u00e1kladn\u00fd, u pokro\u010dil\u00fdch modelov m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 e\u0161te \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed (napr. tich\u00e9 s\u00e9riov\u00e9 sn\u00edmanie a \u010fal\u0161ie).<\/p>\n<h6>Jednorazov\u00e9 sn\u00edmanie (jednotliv\u00e9 sn\u00edmky)<\/h6>\n<p>Fotoapar\u00e1t pri ka\u017edom dotla\u010den\u00ed sp\u00fa\u0161te nasn\u00edma iba jeden obr\u00e1zok.<\/p>\n<h6>Kontinu\u00e1lne (s\u00e9riov\u00e9) sn\u00edmanie<\/h6>\n<p>Po dotla\u010den\u00ed sp\u00fa\u0161te z\u00e1vierka vytv\u00e1ra stanoven\u00fd po\u010det sn\u00edmok za sekundu. Fotoapar\u00e1ty maj\u00fa bu\u010f pevne stanoven\u00fa r\u00fdchlos\u0165 v najvy\u0161\u0161ej hodnote (napr. 6 sn\u00edmok za sekundu), alebo sa d\u00e1 u\u017e\u00edvate\u013esky upravi\u0165 v rozmedz\u00ed 1 a\u017e 6 sn\u00edmok za sekundu.<\/p>\n<h6>Tich\u00e9 sn\u00edmanie<\/h6>\n<p>Pri zrkadlovk\u00e1ch zn\u00ed\u017ei re\u017eim &#8220;Tich\u00e9 sn\u00edmanie&#8221; hlasitos\u0165 mechanickej uz\u00e1vierky a pohybov zrkadla. D\u00f4jde v\u0161ak aj k zn\u00ed\u017eeniu maxim\u00e1lnej r\u00fdchlosti sn\u00edmania. Pri fotoapar\u00e1toch, ktor\u00e9 maj\u00fa mo\u017enos\u0165 sn\u00edma\u0165 s tzv. elektronickou uz\u00e1vierkou u\u017e odpadaj\u00fa negat\u00edva spojen\u00e9 s hlukom po\u010das expoz\u00edcie. Je nutn\u00e9 v\u0161ak bra\u0165 do \u00favahy tzv. &#8220;Rolling shutter&#8221; efekt.<\/p>\n<h6>Predsklopenie zrkadla<\/h6>\n<p>Nastavenie dostupn\u00e9 iba pri vybran\u00fdch modeloch fotoapar\u00e1tov. Sl\u00fa\u017ei na elimin\u00e1ciu chvenia fo\u0165\u00e1ku pri pr\u00e1ci na stat\u00edve. Odpor\u00fa\u010dame pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 dia\u013ekov\u00fa sp\u00fa\u0161\u0165 (k\u00e1blov\u00fa, alebo infra).<\/p>\n<h6>BKT (Bracketing)<\/h6>\n<p>Jedn\u00e1 sa o stup\u0148ovit\u00fa zmenu niektor\u00e9ho z parametrov nastavenia vo fotoapar\u00e1te. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie sa pou\u017e\u00edva pre zmeny v expoz\u00edcie*. Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie parametre m\u00f4\u017ee patri\u0165 nastavenie napr. White balance, ISO, miesta zaostrenie (tzv. Focus BKT).<\/p>\n<p>*Fotoapar\u00e1t vytvor\u00ed s\u00e9riu vo volite\u013enom po\u010dte fotografi\u00ed (v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou 3, 5 alebo 7 sn\u00edmok) a pri expozi\u010dnom BKT d\u00f4jde k pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013eom definovanej miere zmeny (napr. +\/- 0,5 EV).<\/p>\n<h6>Samosp\u00fa\u0161\u0165<\/h6>\n<p>Vytvorenie sn\u00edmok s oneskoren\u00edm. D\u013a\u017eku oneskorenia mo\u017eno nastavi\u0165, niekedy aj po\u010det vyhotoven\u00fdch fotografi\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h6>\u010casozber (tie\u017e Intervalov\u00e9 sn\u00edmanie, Timelapse)<\/h6>\n<p>Funkcia umo\u017e\u0148uje sn\u00edmanie stanoven\u00e9ho po\u010dtu sn\u00edmok, s nastaven\u00fdm pravidelne sa opakuj\u00facim oneskoren\u00edm. Mo\u017eno nafoti\u0165 aj tis\u00edce fotografi\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017eu vyu\u017ei\u0165 pre tvorbu efektn\u00e9ho videa.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10537\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.fotolab.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Fotolia_112750849_X.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>6. Mo\u017enosti a re\u017eimy zaostrovania<\/h5>\n<h5>Re\u017eimy zaostrovania<\/h5>\n<h6>Jednorazov\u00e9 zaostrenie<\/h6>\n<p>Vhodn\u00e9 najm\u00e4 pre fotenie statick\u00fdch sc\u00e9n, objektov.<\/p>\n<h6>Priebe\u017en\u00e9 (kontinu\u00e1lne) zaostrovanie<\/h6>\n<p>Pri stla\u010den\u00ed sp\u00fa\u0161te fotoapar\u00e1t neust\u00e1le zaostruje. Vhodn\u00e9 pre pohybuj\u00face sa objekty. V pr\u00edpade potreby je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 \u0161pecializovan\u00e9 tla\u010didlo na fotoapar\u00e1te (napr. Nikon AF-L), ktor\u00e9 po dobu jeho stla\u010denia preru\u0161\u00ed zaostrovanie.<\/p>\n<h6>Automatick\u00e9 zaostrovanie<\/h6>\n<p>Medzistupe\u0148 pre jednorazov\u00e9 a priebe\u017en\u00e9 zaostrovanie. Ak sa statick\u00fd objekt za\u010dne pohybova\u0165, fotoapar\u00e1t sa prepne z re\u017eimu jednor\u00e1zov\u00e9ho zaostrovania do kontinu\u00e1lneho.<\/p>\n<h6>Manu\u00e1lne zaostrovanie<\/h6>\n<p>V situ\u00e1ci\u00e1ch, kde z nejak\u00e9ho d\u00f4vodu zlyh\u00e1 automatick\u00e9 ostrenie m\u00e1te v\u017edy mo\u017enos\u0165 prepn\u00fa\u0165 do manu\u00e1lneho re\u017eimu. Tu maj\u00fa v\u00fdhodu v\u0161etky fotoapar\u00e1ty so \u017eiv\u00fdm n\u00e1h\u013eadom cez LCD alebo elektronick\u00fd h\u013ead\u00e1\u010dik. V\u00fdrobcovia mnohokr\u00e1t vybavuj\u00fa tieto pr\u00edstroje pomerne sofistikovan\u00fdmi pom\u00f4ckami pre manu\u00e1lne zaostrovanie (Focus peaking pod.).<\/p>\n<h5>V\u00fdber zaostrovacieho bodu<\/h5>\n<p>Fotoapar\u00e1ty poskytuj\u00fa variabiln\u00e9 mo\u017enosti z h\u013eadiska nastavenia zaostrovacieho bodu. Tu odpor\u00fa\u010dame sa obozn\u00e1mi\u0165 v n\u00e1vode ka\u017ed\u00e9ho jednotliv\u00e9ho modelu, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa jeho konkr\u00e9tne mo\u017enosti (m\u00f4\u017ee sa v\u00fdrazne l\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 aj v r\u00e1mci jednej zna\u010dky). V\u0161eobecne fotoapar\u00e1ty umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa nastavenie zaostrenia pre:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>automatick\u00fd v\u00fdber zaostrovacieho bodu (nemus\u00ed prinies\u0165 uspokojiv\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky &#8211; konkr\u00e9tny zaostrovac\u00ed bod vyber\u00e1 automaticky fotoapar\u00e1t)<\/li>\n<li>pevne stanoven\u00fd jeden zaostrovac\u00ed bod (je mo\u017en\u00e9, ho pos\u00fava\u0165)<\/li>\n<li>skupinu zaostrovac\u00edch bodov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mnoh\u00e9 pr\u00edstroje u\u017e disponuj\u00fa umelou inteligenciou, ktor\u00e1 automaticky zaostr\u00ed na tv\u00e1r a o\u010di (ako \u013eud\u00ed, tak zvierat).<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10525\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.fotolab.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Ako-nastavit-RX10-IV_PIM_Hi-densityAF3_20170821_EU07.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>7. Dioptrick\u00e1 korekcia h\u013ead\u00e1\u010dika<\/h5>\n<p>Ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 fotoapar\u00e1tov je osaden\u00e1 syst\u00e9mom pre dioptrick\u00fa korekciu h\u013ead\u00e1\u010dika. Rozsah b\u00fdva obvykle od -2 do +1 dpt. Raz za \u010das odpor\u00fa\u010dame si nastavenia prekontrolova\u0165.<\/p>\n<h5>Z\u00e1ver<\/h5>\n<p>T\u00fdmto zoznamom rozhodne mo\u017enosti nastavenia fotoapar\u00e1tov nekon\u010dia (jedn\u00e1 sa o zhrnutie z\u00e1kladov). Z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed potom na ka\u017edom u\u017e\u00edvate\u013eovi, do akej &#8220;h\u013abky&#8221; nastaven\u00ed bude ochotn\u00fd, resp. bude potrebova\u0165 z\u00e1js\u0165.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nastavenia fotoapar\u00e1tu pred jeho exponovan\u00edm patr\u00ed k z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm rutin\u00e1m v\u0161etk\u00fdch fotografov. Samozrejme m\u00f4\u017eete jednoducho prepn\u00fa\u0165 fo\u0165\u00e1k do plne automatick\u00e9ho re\u017eimu. V mnoh\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch sa v\u0161ak ochudobn\u00edte o \u0161irok\u00fa paletu mo\u017enost\u00ed, ako aj vyu\u017ei\u0165 potenci\u00e1l fototechniky na maximum. Navy\u0161e v\u00fdsledky \u010dasto nebud\u00fa zodpoveda\u0165 va\u0161im predstav\u00e1m. Prin\u00e1\u0161ame teda komplexn\u00fd preh\u013ead z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed pre efekt\u00edvne nastavenia fo\u0165\u00e1ku. Je [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":41,"featured_media":12713,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[49],"tags":[96,112,108,97],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ako nastavi\u0165 fotoapar\u00e1t krok za krokom - CEWE Fotolab blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Je ist\u00e9, \u017ee niektor\u00e9 nastavenia a funkcie fotoapar\u00e1tu pou\u017eijete len nieko\u013ekokr\u00e1t do roka (pr\u00edpadne v\u00f4bec), in\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvate prakticky st\u00e1le. 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